1999 | "It is a fully criterion-referenced system, where the objectives define what we should be teaching; how we should be teaching it; and how we could know how well students have learned it. In aligned teaching, there is maximum consistency throughout the system. The curriculum is stated in the form of clear objectives which state the level of understanding required rather than simply listing the topics to be covered. The teaching methods chosen are those that are likely to realise those objectives; you getstudents to do the things that the objectives nominate. Finally, the assessment tasks address the objectives, so that you can test to see if the students have learned what the objectives state they should be learning." | Biggs, John (1999, p.64) |